基于B样条算法的树干表面形貌三维重建研究

Three Dimension Reconstruction Study of Tree Trunk Surface Shape Based on B-spline Algorithm

建立名树古木三维数字化档案,对监测和研究名树古木的健康状况、有效保护珍贵名树古木具有重要意义。为了实现对树干表面形貌的精确三维重建,本文采用三台Gocator2080型号三维智能激光扫描仪对称安装的方式,设计一种能够实现对树干表面形貌进行360°全方位三维激光扫描的树干表面形貌三维激光扫描装置。采用七参数法对三台坐标相互独立的Gocator2080三维智能激光扫描仪的坐标系进行机械标定。使用标定后的三维激光扫描装置采集树干表面形貌三维点云数据。利用经节点插值改进后的三次B样条算法实现对树干表面形貌的三维重建,获得较为精确的三维重建图像。与插值前的树干表面形貌三维重建图像相比,经插值后的树干表面形貌三维重建图像能够更准确地反映出树干表面的节子和纹理等表面形貌特征。本研究为进一步研究和建立名树古木三维数字化档案,提供了有效的技术基础。

It is of great significance to establish a three-dimensional digital archive of famous ancient trees,to monitor and study the health status of famous ancient trees,and to effectively protect the precious ancient trees.In order to realize the accurate three-dimensional reconstruction of the tree trunk surface topography,this paper adopts three Gocator 2080 model intelligent 3D laser scanner symmetrically installment method,designs a tree trunk surface morphology 3D laser scanning device,which can realize the 360°omni-directional 3D laser scanning of the tree trunk surface morphology.The coordinate system of three Gocator 2080 3D intelligent laser scanners with independent coordinates is calibrated by the method of seven-parameter.Collecting the 3D point cloud data of the tree trunk surface shape by using the calibrated 3D laser scanning device,and the improved cubic b-spline algorithm is used to reconstruct the tree trunk surface morphology after the node insertion processing,and a more accurate 3D reconstruction image is obtained.Compared with the 3D reconstruction image of the tree trunk surface before interpolation,the images after the interpolation can more accurately reflect the tree trunk surface morphology characteristics such as knots,texture,etc.This study provides an effective technical basis for further research and establishment of three-dimensional digital archives of famous and ancient trees.