美国教育创客空间的发展逻辑、核心议题与未来展望

The Development Logic, Core Characteristics and the Future Vision of U.S Educational Maker Space

伴随着创客运动的繁荣,教育创客空间已然成为推进创客教育、培养创客思维的基础物理空间。在基于创客教育已有研究的基础上,结合《美国教育创客空间全国报告》的相关内容,本研究认为美国教育创客空间的发展过程中存在着三个核心议题:创客空间活动设计的公平性与包容性发展、创客空间课程设计潜在的隐性偏见和创客社群中的文化塑造问题。展望未来,美国教育创客空间的设计者应首先考虑为全体学生营造创客学习的氛围,创设无边界、无限制的创客空间学习环境,而并非选择特定的设备或项目;新的创客空间建设者要侧重最大化地开放创客空间,尽可能地拓宽与创客社群的合作与分享。

In June 2018, Drexel’s ExCITe Center Releases the First National Study of K-12 Education Makerspaces, the report mainly focuses on the overall Education Makerspace of the K-12 stage in the United States.The study believes that there are three core issues in the K-12 stage Education Makerspace in the United States, and on this basis, it proposes the prospect for the future construction of the K-12 stage makerspace. The three core issues are the Equity and Inclusion in the makerspace;Makerspace Culture and the "Maker Mindset";and the community of makers and Making in Community. According to the research, the makerspace has not achieved complete fairness and tolerance. The new makerspace leaders should guard against this general potential implicit bias and deliberately make the right choice in more details.The maker culture has a direct impact on student’s learning and maker mindset. New makerspace designers should first consider the learning culture they create for students and create a boundless, unrestricted makerspace learning environment instead of choosing specific equipment or project. The new makerspace builders should focus on maximizing the time of the makerspace and expanding the collaboration and sharing with the maker community as much as possible, encouraging wider range of students to engage in more active exploration and adventure.