生物油的精制及其研究进展

Research Progress on the Refining Technology of Bio-oil

生物质是唯一可以转化为液体燃料的、对环境友好的、清洁的可再生资源.通过高压液化或热裂解方法可将生物质制备成类似石油的黏稠状物质-生物油.生物油的高含氧量、低热值和化学不稳定等特性在一定程度上影响了其广泛应用,因此必须对生物油进行精制,以改善生物油的品质.从催化加氢、催化裂解、催化酯化、烯烃改性等方面阐述了生物油的精制技术及其研究进展.

Biomass is the only environmentally friendly,clean and renewable resource that can be converted into a liquid fuel.The biomass can be prepared into a petroleum-like viscous material by high-pressure liquefaction or thermal cracking.The characteristics of oxygen content,low calorific value and chemical instability affect its wide application to some extent.Therefore,bio-oil must be refined to improve the quality of bio-oil.In this paper,the bio-oil refining technology and its research progress are expounded from the aspects of catalytic hydrogenation,catalytic crac king,catalytic esterification and olefin modification.