晚清至民国浙江曹娥江河口泥沙坍涨与水环境

Sediment Collapse-Siltation and Water Environment of the Cao’e River Estuary in zhejiang province from the Late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China

清乾隆年间,钱塘江主泓北移北大门,山会平原北部三江闸外曹娥江河口处的泥沙逐渐淤涨,同治年间,闸外泥沙已严重影响内河泄水。同治五年,地方官员为泄水开掘宣港以分流曹娥江,却导致三江闸外泥沙再次淤涨,闸港阻塞更趋严重。河口泥沙治理,受曹娥江出水河道摆动影响,河道走向变化又影响两岸沙地坍涨与江塘安危。当地一直在寻求河口自然-人文生态系统的平衡,这种平衡既包括长时段上的治水措施与水环境间的互动关系,也包括此过程中形成的泄水与治沙、保塘与护沙等多方矛盾关系。

During the Qing Emperor Qianlong s reign, the main course of Qiantang River moved to the north gate?and the sediment at the Cao'e River estuary outside the Sanjiang Gate in the north of Shanhui Plain gradually swelled. The sedimentation outside the gate during the Tongzhi reign has seriously affected the inland river discharge. In the fifth year of Tongzhi, local officials diverted Cao s River from the other side of the river to divert the water. However, the sediment outside the Sanjiang Gate was once again silted up, and the blockage of the gate was more serious. In addition, the sediment treatment of the estuary was affected by the fluctuation of the outflow channel of the Cao'e river, and the change of the channel trend also affected the collapse and swelling of the sandy land on both sides and the safety of the river pond. The local people had been seeking for the balance between the nature-human ecosystem of the estuary, which included not only the interactive relationship between the long-term water control measures and the water environment, but also the contradictory relationship formed in the process of sand control, pond protection and sand protection.