从“共管”到“统合”:1644-1951年四川牛华溪区划变动研究

From “co-management” to “integration”:A study on the Evolution of Administrative Division in Niu Huaxi Si Chuan Province, From 1644-1951

牛华溪是因盐业开发而兴起的共管市镇。民国时期牛华溪爆发了长达17年的区划纠纷案,最终引发了自身及犍乐盐区的区划变动。通过把区划变动的全过程还原于历史脉络,发现区划变动并不只是简单的政策导向或利益之争,而有其复杂的内生过程。牛华溪从"共管"走向"统合"的根本动力,是基于市镇自身发展所产生的内生性整合力。这种整合力把分属两县的市镇结成了一个牢固的地域共同体,从而不断推动"统合"的进程。清末地方自治的推行,为牛华溪重构自身所属区划提供了首次契机。民国初年的销岸之争,是地方精英正式提出并归诉求的直接原因。由于"盐区设治"更加符合各方利益,牛华溪并归问题最终被纳入到五通桥方案中而得以解决。

Niu Huaxi is a co-managed market town(共管市镇) that has become prosperous due to its development of the salt industry. During the republican period, there existed some disputes over the administrative divisions of Niu Huaxi, which had lasted for 17 years and eventually led to the changes in administrative divisions of itself and the Qianle Salt Region(犍乐盐区). By examining the whole situation in the historical context, the author finds that the changes of the administrative divisions isnot only policy-orientated or interests-orientated,but also in complex endogenous processes. The fundamental driving force for Niu Huaxi's progress from "co-management" to "integration" is derived from the endogenous integration power generated from the development of the market town itself, which finally turned the towns of the two counties into a solid regional community, and thereby promoted the process of "integration". The implementation the policy of local autonomy in the late Qing Dynasty provided the first opportunity for Niu Huaxi to reconstruct his own administrative division. The dispute over salt markets in the early Republican period was a direct cause of the formal proposal of the local elites about the consolidation of Niu Huaxi. As the program of setting administrative organization in the salt region(盐区设治)is more in line with the interests of all parties, the problem of the administrative division of Niu Huaxiwas finally solved by the Wutongqiao plan.