肺部微生态在特发性肺纤维化中的研究进展

Research progress of pulmonary microecology in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

过去认为健康人肺部是无菌的,近年来,DNA测序技术应用于呼吸道标本的微生物检测,发现健康和病理状态下肺部存在复杂的微生物群。现在认为肺部微生态与肺部健康状况密切相关。在特发性肺纤维化(IPF)的研究领域中,越来越多的证据表明细菌发挥了作用,细菌负荷的增加、细菌分类差异及多样性减少可能会导致疾病进展、急性加重甚至死亡。最近的研究突出了肺部微生物群与IPF患者免疫系统之间的关系,宿主和环境的相互作用在IPF发病机制中得到了进一步论证。现有的已发表的数据表明,对于IPF患者,抗生素治疗、对病原微生物进行免疫接种等治疗有望成为治疗的新靶点。

In the past, it was considered that the lungs of healthy people were sterile.In recent years, DNA sequencing technology has been applied to the microbiological examination of respiratory specimens, and it has been found that there is complex microbiome in the lungs under healthy and pathological conditions.Now pulmonary microecology is considered to be closely related to lung health.More and more evidences have shown that bacteria play a role in the idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The increased bacterial burden, differences in bacterial classification and reduced diversity may lead to disease progression, acute exacerbation, and mortality.The recent studies has highlighted the interaction between the lung microbiome and the immune system in IPF, strengthening the argument for the interaction of both host and environment in disease pathogenesis.Existing published data have shown that antibiotics and immunotherapy of pathogenic microorganisms are expected to be new targets for IPF treatment.