智能无卡式电表的实现与应用前景

Realization and application prospect of smart card less watt hour meter

目前,以预付方式缴付电费的用电户,普遍会安装插卡式预付费电表于电源入线处。插卡式预付费电表是一种电子式电能计量器具,除了传统的电能计量与显示功能,并附有读卡器与断电设施。这种传统的插卡式预付费计费方式有以下缺点:对用电户带来很大不便,必需经常持卡缴费;忘记或无暇缴费时停电;不法分子破解芯片后,进行偷电,对管理与营销造成很大误差;供电部门无法掌握实际用电情况。为了便于电力企业对用电情况进行监控,除了上述的有卡售电方式,目前还存在几种无卡售电方式。在无卡售电的方式下,电力企业用于电费管理的网络设备与用户的电表之间使用网络通讯信号进行信息交互,如利用电力线载波、无线数字电台、全球移动通信系统GSM/通用分组无线业务,485接口等。但这都存在信息传递效率低、充值无法及时到账、系统安全性弱、制造成本高等缺点。本论文主要研究一种高效的无卡式电表,能解决上述问题,并对其内部设计进行详述,该电表的实现是基于一种无线混合通信系统,其系统包括本无卡式电表、室内显示装置、智能移动设备,无卡式电表以及室内装置通过蓝牙通信传递电量信息,室内装置又通过Wi-Fi网络与移动设备相互通信传递信息,用户不仅可以在室内查询到用电信息也可以在自己的智能设备中进行查询。本文还将对该电表在整个电力管理系统中的工作方式以及可行性进行分析,并对其应用前景进行详细刨析。

at present,plug-in prepaid meter is commonly installed in the power line of power supply for electricity users who pay their electricity charges in advance.The plug-in prepaid meter is an electronic power meter,in addition to the traditional power meter and display function,it is also equipped with card readers and power off facilities.This kind of traditional plug-in prepayment charging method has the following disadvantages:it brings great inconvenience to the electricity user,and must be paid by the card frequently.Power failure when forgetting or having no time to pay the bill;After the criminals break the chip,they steal electricity,which causes a great error in management and marketing.The power supply department is unable to control the actual electricity consumption.In order to facilitate the power enterprises to monitor the power consumption,in addition to the above card sales mode,there are several non-card sales mode.Under way without card to sell electricity,the electric power enterprise network equipment for the electricity management and user of electric meter used between network communication signal information interaction,such as the use of power line carrier,wireless digital radio,global system for mobile communications,GSM/general packet radio service,485 interface and so on.However,there are some disadvantages such as low efficiency of information transmission,insufficient timely arrival of rechargeable value,weak system security and high manufacturing cost.This thesis mainly studies a kind of efficient cardless meters,can solve the above problems,and to detail of the interior design,the realization of the electric meter is based on a hybrid wireless communication system,the system includes the cardless meters,indoor display device,smart mobile devices,cardless meters and indoor device via bluetooth communication power message,indoor unit and through wi-fi networks and mobile devices to communicate with each other information,users not only can query to the indoors electricity information can also be queried in their smart devices.The working mode and feasibility of the meter in the whole power management system are also analyzed,and its application prospect is analyzed in detail.