品:一个关于审美判断的普遍性范畴

Sampling: A Universal Category about Aesthetic Judgment

“品”是一个来自中国古代美学关于审美判断的范畴,它起于饮食消费,后入于审美鉴赏与审美批评。“品”既体现了显明的中华文化个性——审美判断对饮食消费行为(品尝食物滋味)之根源性依赖,因而具备浓郁的感性特征;它同时也代表了古典审美的精致化——对特定对象审美价值质与量的细腻体察与鉴别,因而呈现出突出的理性特征。“品”所代表的完善审美判断同时包括了对特定审美对象量的判断——审美价值之高低与质的判断——特定审美对象之审美特性与风格。作为审美判断范畴,由于“品”同时包含了人类审美判断的两大核心因素——感性与理性,因而体现了古典审美判断的普遍性要素与功能,可以走出中国美学,进入美学基本理论,成为一个具有普遍性学理意义的基础性审美范畴。

"Sampling"(品)is a category about aesthetic judgment from ancient Chinese aesthetics. It originated from dietary consumption and then became accepted in the aesthetic appreciation and judgment."Sampling"embodies the distinctiveness of Chinese culture — the aesthetic judgment is dependent originally on the behavior of dietary consumption and thus characterized with rich emotions;and meanwhile it also represents the refinement of classical aesthetics —the delicate examination and differentiation between the quality and quantity of aesthetic values of certain targets,and thus showing the salient rational features. The complete aesthetic judgment represented by"sampling"includes both the qualitative(the high or low level of aesthetic values) and the quantitative(the aesthetic features and styles) judgments of certain aesthetic targets. As a category of aesthetic judgment,"sampling"involves both of the core factors of human aesthetic judgment — emotion and reason, thus expressing the universal elements and functions in classical aesthetic judgment."Sampling"helps us go beyond Chinese aesthetics and get into the primary theories of aesthetics, and becomes a fundamental aesthetic category with universality.