光相干断层扫描血管成像在非感染性葡萄膜炎中的应用研究现状

The status in the application of optical coherence tomography angiography in noninfectious uveitis

非感染性葡萄膜炎是指除外感染因素及伪装综合征的一类累及葡萄膜及玻璃体、视盘和视网膜的眼内炎症性致盲性疾病,常反复发作,其诊断及随访依赖眼底影像检查。OCT血管成像是一种快速、无创、可量化的血管成像新技术,可分层次显示视网膜和脉络膜微血管形态,侦测血流灌注异常及新生血管形成等。目前已在前葡萄膜炎以及Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada综合征、Beh?et病、结节病、鸟枪弹样脉络膜视网膜病变、匍行性脉络膜炎、多灶性脉络膜炎、点状内层脉络膜病变、急性区域性隐匿性外层视网膜病变、急性后部多灶性鳞状色素上皮病变、多发性一过性白点综合征等全葡萄膜炎和后葡萄膜炎的诊治、随访、疗效评估等方面发挥重要临床作用。同时,其应用也为非感染性葡萄膜炎病理生理机制探索提供了新的方向。

Noninfectious uveitis refers to a category of inflammatory diseases involving the uvea, vitreous, optic disk and retina, with the exception of infectious factors or masquerade syndrome. These kind of blinding diseases are frequently recurrent, and the diagnosis and follow-up require fundus imaging techniques. OCT angiography (OCTA) is a rapid, noninvasive and quantifiable blood flow imaging modality that provides a depiction of the microvasculature morphology of the retinal and choroidal through different segmentation and detects the abnormal blood perfusion as well as the neovascularization. OCTA plays an important role in the diagnosis, assessment and follow-up for anterior uveitis, posterior uveitis and pan-uveitis such as Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease, Behyet's disease, ocular sarcoidosis, birdshot chorioretinopathy, serpiginous choroiditis, multifocal choroiditis, punctate inner choroidopathy, acute zonal occult outer retinopathy, acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy, multiple evanescent white dot syndrome, and also provides clue about their pathophysiologic mechanisms.