广州市2112名在校大学生流感样病例罹患状况及危险因素调查

Prevalence and risk factors of influenza like illness among 2 112 college students in Guangzhou, 2017–2018 epidemic season

目的对广东省广州市2017—2018年冬季流感流行高峰期间在校大学生流感样病例(ILI)罹患状况及其危险因素进行调查,为学校流感防控提供依据。方法通过自行设计问卷进行调查,收集研究学生行为、生活习惯以及对流感知识知晓等相关资料,采集部分发热学生咽拭子标本进行流感病毒核酸检测,采用单因素和多因素logistic回归分析大学生流感疫情的危险因素。结果共完成2112名在校大学生问卷调查,出现ILI707例,占33.47%。采集现症病例咽拭子175份,113份流感病毒核酸阳性。洗手≥4次/天、近期接触过发热同学、流感知识素养低、过去1年出现过发热症状在多因素分析回归模型有统计学意义,OR值(95%CI)分别为:0.66(0.50~0.88)、3.49(2.83~4.31)、1.03(1.01~1.28)和8.16(5.81~11.47)。结论2017—2018年冬季流感流行季广州学生人群流感流行强度大,应有针对性的开展学生健康干预,尤其是强化学生洗手行为、提高流感知识素养。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of influenza-like illness(ILI)among college students in Guangzhou city during the influenza epidemic season from 2017 to 2018,and to provide evidences for influenza prevention and control.Methods We conducted a survey among 2 112 students selected using proportional random sampling from 12 universities in a college town in Guangzhou city during an influenza epidemic season(from December 2016 to January 2017).A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect influenza-related behaviors,living habits and knowledge among the students.Influenza virus nucleic acid was detected for pharyngeal swab specimens sampled among some of students with fever.Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to assess risk factors for influenza incident.Results Of all students surveyed,totally 707(33.47%)ILI incidents were identified.Among the 175 throat swab specimens collected from the students will ILI symptoms,113 were positive for influenza virus nucleic acid.Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed following significant factors correlated with ILI incidence:washing hands more than 4 times per day(odds ratio[OR]=0.66,95%confidence interval[95%CI]:0.50-0.88),contacting recently with a classmate having a fever or other ILI symptoms(OR=3.49,95%CI:2.83-4.31),with a low influenza-related knowledge(OR=1.03,95%CI:1.01-1.28),and ever having a fever during previous one year(OR=8.16,95%CI:5.81-11.47).Conclusion There was a high prevalence of influenza among college students in Guangzhou city during the epidemic season from 2017 to 2018 and targeted health intervention on influenza prevention should be promoted among the students.