268例艾滋病患者机会性感染的临床特点及诊治分析

Analysis of clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of opportunistic infections in 268 patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome

目的分析艾滋病患者机会性感染的临床特点,并总结相应的临床诊断与治疗方法。方法回顾性分析268例艾滋病患者的各项病例资料。分析艾滋病患者机会性感染的临床特征,观察患者治疗后的转归情况。检测所有患者的CD4^+T淋巴细胞计数水平,分析不同CD4^+T淋巴细胞计数水平患者的死亡情况。结果艾滋病患者的临床表现十分复杂,主要表现为体温升高、恶心呕吐、胸闷气急等。所有患者均完成治疗,其中93例患者死亡,175例患者存活。268例艾滋病机会性感染患者中,CD4^+T淋巴细胞计数水平<20×10^3/μL患者的死亡率明显高于CD4^+T淋巴细胞计数水平20~80×10^3/μL、>80×103/μL的患者(P<0.05)。结论艾滋病患者机会性感染具有一定的临床特点,临床要注意早发现、早诊断,并及时针对不同的感染类型实施系统、规范治疗。

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of opportunistic infections in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome and summarize the corresponding clinical diagnosis and treatment methods. Methods The data of 268 patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome was retrospectively analyzed. The clinical characteristics of opportunistic infections in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome were analyzed. The level of CD4+ T lymphocyte count was measured in all patients, and the mortality of patients with different levels of CD4^+ T lymphocyte count were analyzed. Results The clinical manifestations of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome were very complex, mainly manifested as elevated body temperature, nausea and vomiting, chest tightness and shortness of breath, et al. All patients completed the treatment, and 93 cases died and 175 cases survived. In 268 cases of acquired immune deficiency syndrome with opportunistic infection, the mortality rate of patients with CD4^+ T lymphocyte count <20×10^3/μL was significantly higher than that of patients with CD4^+ T lymphocyte count levels of 20-80×10^3/μL and >80×10^3/μL (P<0.05). Conclusion The opportunistic infections of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome have certain clinical characteristics. We should pay attention to early detection and diagnosis, and timely systematic and standardized treatment for different types of infections is required.