5种甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂对芦笋茎枯病菌的室内毒力及田间药效评价

Toxicity and Field Efficacy of Five Strobilurins Fungicides against Phomopsis asparagi(Sacc.)Bubak

[目的]比较5种甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂对芦笋茎枯病菌的室内毒力及田间防效,筛选防治芦笋茎枯病的有效药剂。[方法]采用菌丝生长速率法测定菌丝生长的抑制作用,采用常规喷雾法进行田间药效试验。[结果]5种甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂对芦笋茎枯病菌菌丝生长的抑制作用大小顺序为吡唑醚菌酯>醚菌酯>啶氧菌酯>肟菌酯>嘧菌酯,其EC50值分别为6.1029、52.5591、83.8257、129.8616、252.1214 mg/L,均显著小于对照药剂多菌灵的EC50值(753.3650 mg/L)。田间药效试验结果表明:5种甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂制剂吡唑醚菌酯、嘧菌酯、醚菌酯、啶氧菌酯和肟菌酯分别以有效成分312.5、312.5、625、281.25、625 mg/L施药3次后,对芦笋茎枯病的防治效果分别为81.20%、71.69%、77.95%、74.80%和68.54%,均显著高于对照药剂50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂1000 mg/L的防效(48.27%)。[结论]5种甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂对芦笋茎枯病菌菌丝生长均具有很好的抑制作用,田间喷施3次后均能达到较为理想的防治效果,可作为防治芦笋茎枯病的有效药剂推广应用。

[Aims] The study aims to evaluate the toxicity and field efficacy of five Strobilurins fungicides including pyraclostrobin 250 g/L EC, azoxystrobin 250 g/L SC, kresoxim-methyl 50% WG, picoxystrobin 22.5% SC and trifloxystrobin 50% WG against Phomops is asparagi (Sacc.) Bubak, and to screen out effective fungicides.[Methods] The toxicity was tested by the mycelial growth rate method. The field trials were carried out by routine spraying method.[Results] The toxicity order was as follows: pyraclostrobin > kresoxim-methyl > picoxystrobin > trifloxystrobin > azoxystrobin. Their EC50 values were 6.1029, 52.5591, 83.8257, 129.8616 and 252.1214 mg/L, respectively. Among them, the inhibition activities were all significantly higher than the benzimidazole fungicides carbendazim (EC50 753.3650 mg/L). The field efficacy order was as follows: pyraclostrobin > kresoxim-methyl ≥ picoxystrobin ≥ azoxystrobin ≥ trifloxystrobin. Their control effect was 81.20, 77.95, 74.80, 71.69 and 68.54%, respectively, all significantly higher than the benzimidazole fungicides carbendazim(48.27%).[Conclusions] The five Strobilurins fungicides above-mentioned were all have good toxicity and field efficacy against P.asparagi(Sacc.)Bubak.