3种生防制剂与毒死蜱混配对暗黑鳃金龟幼虫的防治效果

Control Efficacy of Three Biocontrol Agents Mixed with Chlorpyrifos against Holotrichia parallela Larvae

[目的]明确生防制剂与毒死蜱混配对化学防治暗黑鳃金龟幼虫的替代效果。[方法]将白僵菌、绿僵菌、烟碱肥分别与毒死蜱按比例混配,对暗黑鳃金龟幼虫进行防治效果试验。[结果]3种生防制剂与毒死蜱混配防治暗黑鳃金龟幼虫,相对于单独施用生防制剂防治效果均有显著提高,其中白僵菌与绿僵菌可部分替代毒死蜱,达到化学农药减施的目的。施用7.2 kg/hm^2白僵菌+3.6 kg/hm^2毒死蜱防治效果为81.69%,与单独施用7.2 kg/hm^2毒死蜱无显著差异;施用7.2 kg/hm^2绿僵菌+3.6 kg/hm^2毒死蜱和3.6 kg/hm^2绿僵菌+3.6 kg/hm^2毒死蜱防治效果分别为85.58%和80.23%,均与7.2 kg/hm^2毒死蜱单独施用的防治效果无显著差异。田间试验中施用7.5 kg/hm^2白僵菌+7.5 kg/hm^2毒死蜱、7.5 kg/hm^2绿僵菌+7.5 kg/hm^2毒死蜱防治效果显著高于单独施用9.0 kg/hm^2毒死蜱。[结论]生产上建议使用绿僵菌+毒死蜱混配制成的毒土防治暗黑鳃金龟幼虫,在保证防治效果的同时可减少化学农药(毒死蜱)用量15%以上。

[Aims] This study aims to clarify the alternative efficacy of biocontrol agents mixed with chlorpyrifos against the larvae of Holotrichia parallela.[Methods] The control efficacy of Beauveria bassiana,Metarhizium anisopliae and nicotine fertilizer mixed with chlorpyrifos in proportion on the larvae of H.parallela were conducted.[Results] The results showed that 3 kinds of biocontrol agents mixed use of chlorpyrifos had a synergistic effect on H.parallela and compared with the application of biocontrol agents alone,the control effect is significantly improved.Among the pesticides,B.bassiana and M.anisopliae could partial substitute for chemical pesticides and reduce the dosage of chemical pesticides.The control effect of B.bassiana(7.2 kg/ha) mixed with chlorpyrifos(3.6 kg/ha) was81.69%,which was no significantly different from chlorpyrifos(7.2 kg/ha) alone.The control effect of M.anisopliae(7.2 kg/ha) mixed with chlorpyrifos(3.6 kg/ha) and M.anisopliae(3.6 kg/ha) mixed with chlorpyrifos(3.6 kg/ha) were85.58 and 80.23%,respectively.There was no significant difference in the control effect of chlorpyrifos(7.2 kg/ha) alone.Field experiment results showed that the control efficacy of B.bassiana(7.5 kg/ha) mixed with chlorpyrifos(7.5 kg/ha)and M.anisopliae(7.5 kg/ha) mixed with chlorpyrifos(7.5 kg/ha) was significantly higher than that of chlorpyrifos(9.0 kg/ha) alone.[Conclusions] It is recommended to use the M.anisopliae mixed with chlorpyrifos to control the larvae of H.parallela in production,which can reduce the amount of chemical pesticides(chlorpyrifos) by more than15% while ensuring the control effect.