项目制研究何以成为“显学”:概念辨析、性质定位与实践探索

How Does the Project System Study Become Popular Explicit: Concept Analysis,Nature Orientation and Practical Exploration

只有当作为治理体制的项目制概念被提出后,项目制研究才受到各界的广泛关注而成为“显学”。与其他项目概念相比,项目制概念具有承继性、创新性和独特性,是一种有中国特色的学术概念;与其他治理模式相比,项目制属于一种兼具集权与分权优势的治理模式。从国家治理体系视角出发,项目制的作用媒介可以划分为政府间项目制、社会组织项目制和企业项目制三种媒介类型。虽然三种项目制媒介在实践过程中存在一些问题,但整体上三者相继实现了有效协调政府层级关系、政府与社会组织关系和政府与企业关系的目标。“项目制”可以作为促进国家治理体系现代化的着力点。同时,虽然项目制的研究成果丰富,但依然存在项目制应用限度如何突破、项目制资金如何整合和项目制概念外延能否开拓等亟待解决的问题。

There are many project concepts in the project research,but only after the concept of the project system as the governance system is put forward,the project system research has been widely concerned and has become "study".The project system research has accumulated a large number of academic achievements,and it is feasible to find a solution to the problem of "how to pay extensive attention to project research" through literature induction.The paper summarizes the research results of the project system from four dimensions:concept analysis,nature orientation,media and operational performance.Specifically,compared with other project concepts,the project System has the characteristics of inheritance,innovation and uniqueness,and thus is an academic concept with Chinese characteristics.Compared with other governance models,the project system is a governance model with both centralized and decentralized advantages.From the perspective of the national governance system,the medium for project production can be divided into three types of media:the intergovernmental project system,the social organization project system and the enterprise project system.Although the three project media will have problems in the process of practice,on the whole,the three have successively achieved the goal of effectively coordinating government-level relations,government-society relationship,and government-enterprise relationship.According to this,the "project system" can be used as a focus for promoting the modernization of the national governance system.Although the research results of the project system are rich,there are still unresolved issues such as how to break through the application limits of the project system,how to integrate the project system funds,and whether the project system concept can be expanded.