国外开放科研数据的激励政策

Research on Incentive Policies of Open Research Data Abroad

科研数据的开放共享有助于最大化利用科研数据的价值,促进科技创新。如何提高科研人员的意识,激励其参与开放科研数据的实践是近年来利益相关者在政策制定与实施过程中的焦点。文章借鉴综合激励模型,建立开放科研数据激励政策分析框架,系统性调研分析欧美科技发达国家的相关政策及实施细节是如何激励科研人员进一步参与实践,主要内容包括:合理的奖励机制;提升科研人员的能力与素质;加强科研人员对开放科研数据的认识;用户友好的基础设施与服务。

Open research data can help maximize the value of research data and advance technological innovation. How to raise the awareness of researchers and encourage them to participate becomes the key issues of policymaking and implementation of open research data. Based on the comprehensive incentive model, this paper establishes an analytical framework to systematically analyze recent open research data policies and supportive measures adopted by European, American, and other scientifically and technologically developed countries indepth, and discusses how incentive policies can contribute to the success. Main contents include rewarding mechanisms, researchers’ data skills and capability, their understanding of open research data, user-friendly infrastructures and services, etc.