MicroRNAs对骨骼肌胰岛素抵抗的调控及其机制

Roles and mechanism of microRNAs in the regulation of skeletal muscle insulin resistance

胰岛素抵抗是肥胖和2型糖尿病发生的共同病理生理机制。骨骼肌是胰岛素介导的葡萄糖摄取、代谢、利用的主要靶器官之一,是胰岛素抵抗发生最早和最重要的部位。研究表明,骨骼肌葡萄糖摄取障碍、胰岛素信号通路受损、线粒体生物合成受阻与骨骼肌胰岛素抵抗密切相关。当骨骼肌发生胰岛素抵抗时,多种microRNAs(miRNAs)表达上调(miR-106b,miR-23a,mi R-761,miR-135a,Let-7,miR-29a)或下调(miR-133a,miR-149,miR-1),它们参与对骨骼肌葡萄糖摄取、胰岛素信号通路及线粒体生物合成的调控,在骨骼肌胰岛素抵抗的发生与发展中发挥了重要作用。这些miRNAs可作为治疗骨骼肌胰岛素抵抗或糖尿病的潜在靶点。

Insulin resistance is a common pathophysiological mechanism of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Skeletal muscle is one of the major target organs of insulin-mediated glucose uptake, metabolism and utilization, and it is the earliest and most important site of insulin resistance. Studies have shown that the impairments of glucose uptake, insulin signaling pathway and mitochondrial biosynthesis are closely related to skeletal muscle insulin resistance. When insulin resistance develops in skeletal muscle, multiple micro RNAs(mi RNAs) are up-regulated(miR-106 b, miR-23 a, miR-761, miR-135 a, Let-7 and miR-29 a) or down-regulated(miR-133 a,mi R-149 and miR-1). They participate in the regulation of skeletal muscle glucose uptake, insulin signaling pathway and mitochondrial biogenesis, and thus play important roles in the occurrence and development of skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Therefore, these miRNAs may serve as potential targets for the treatment of skeletal muscle insulin resistance or diabetes.