2014-2017年江苏省赣榆县肾综合征出血热鼠类宿主监测

Surveillance of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome murine hosts in Ganyu county of Jiangsu province from 2014 to 2017

目的对江苏省赣榆县肾综合征出血热(hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome,HFRS)鼠类宿主带毒情况进行监测,为疾病预防控制提供依据。方法2014-2017年采集HFRS鼠类宿主心、肺标本,采用ELISA检测鼠心血HFRS抗体、PCR检测鼠肺HFRS核酸,并进行年份、季节、地域与鼠种分类比较。结果共采集鼠标本1 272份,ELISA检测HFRS抗体阳性225份(19.79%),秋季采集的标本抗体水平明显高于春季,黑线姬鼠与褐家鼠标本抗体水平高于小家鼠与句青,2014年标本抗体水平较高,之后鼠类宿主感染率明显下降,以上差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05);居民区与野外鼠类抗体水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。PCR检测HFRS核酸阳性9例(1.17%),不同年份、季节、地域与鼠种阳性率差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。结论江苏省赣榆县肾综合征出血热季节流行差异明显,黑线姬鼠与褐家鼠是当地优势鼠种。2014年后鼠类宿主感染率明显下降。

Objective To monitor hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS)murine hosts;to provide basis for the control and prevention of HFRS.Methods The hearts and lungs of murine hosts were collected and tested for HFRS antibodies by ELISA and nucleic acids by PCR.The results among different seasons,places,host species and years were analyzed. Results A total of 1 272murine samples were collected,among which 225samples(accounted for 19.79%)were positive for HFRS antibody by ELISA.The positive rate of samples collected in fall was significantly higher than that in spring,the positive rates of Apodemus agrarius and Rattus norvegicus samples were higher than that of Mus musculus and Sorex araneus Linnaeus samples,the HFRS antibody level was high for the samples collected in 2014,however the murine host infection rate decreased significantly after 2014;all above differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).No statistic difference was observed between positive rates of host samples collected from residential and rural areas.Only 9(accounted for 1.17%)samples were positive by PCR,the positive rates showed no statistical significance among different groups of years,seasons,places or host species(all P >0.05).Conclusion The HFRS epidemic prevalence demonstrates significant seasonal difference in Ganyu county of Jiangsu province.Apodemus agrarius and Rattus norvegicus are the dominant species.The infection rate of murine hosts decrease significantly after 2014.