成年男性暴力型罪犯人格特征与父母教养方式的相关性

Correlation between parental rearing patterns and personality traits of adult male violent offenders

目的分析和探讨父母教养方式对暴力型罪犯人格的影响。方法采用人格诊断问卷(PDQ-4+)、父母教养方式问卷(EMBU)对176名暴力型罪犯(研究组)及189名普通人群(对照组)进行调查,分析父母教养方式对人格诊断总分的影响。结果人格障碍研究组总评分(41.38±13.05)高于对照组(26.15±14.16),且各分型得分亦高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。家庭教养的方式评分中,父母情感温暖、理解、父亲过度保护得分低于对照组,父母的惩罚严厉、父母的拒绝否认得分高于对照组(P值均<0.05);研究组的人格诊断问卷总分与父母的情感温暖、理解呈负相关(r为-0.376、-0.329,P值均<0.05),与父母的惩罚严厉、拒绝否认、父亲的过分干涉、过分保护及母亲的偏爱呈正相关(r=0.154~0.363,P<0.05);研究组的多元线性回归显示父母亲的情感温暖及理解、惩罚严厉、拒绝否认一定程度上影响暴力型罪犯人格特征的形成(P值均<0.05)。结论暴力型罪犯人格存在明显偏离,与不良的养育方式有一定关系。

Objective To study the effects of parental rearing patterns on the personality traits of violent offenders.Methods Personality diagnostic questionnaire 4+(PDQ-4+)and Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran(EMBU)were used to study 176 violent offenders(study group)and 189general population(control group),the correlation analysis was conducted to analyze the effects of parental rearing patterns on total score of personality diagnosis.Results The total PDQ-4+score of study group(41.38±13.05)was higher than that of control group(26.15±14.16),each PDQ-4+factor score of study group was higher than that of control group,all above differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).For EMBU scores,parents'emotional warmth,understanding and father's over-protection scores of the study group were lower than those of the control group;while parents'punishment severity,parents'rejection and denial scores of the study group were higher than those of control group(all P<0.05).The total score of PDQ-4+of study group was negatively correlated with parents'emotional warmth and understanding(r=-0.376,-0.329,P<0.05),and positively correlated with parents'severe punishment,rejection and denial,father's excessive interference,over-protection and mother's preference(r=0.156-0.363,all P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed parents'emotional warmth and understanding,punishment severity,rejection and denial had certain effects on the formation of personality traits of violent offenders(all P<0.05).Conclusion The personality of violent offenders is obviously deviated,which is related to the poor parental rearing pattern at certain extent.