中国资源节约型、环境友好型生活方式的构建

Towards Constructing a Resource-Saving and Environment-Friendly Lifestyle in China

生活方式是当人们生活在特定的资源环境约束下,根据一定技术条件和价值取向,为提高自身生活质量而做出的消费行为的总和。生活方式与生活质量相互联系,但并不存在确定的对应关系。人们在选择生活方式的过程中,会受到许多客观和主观条件的影响。通过分析生活质量与生活方式之间的关系、决定人们生活方式的因素、国家间物质禀赋与科技水平不同对生活方式的影响,以及由一国或国际社会倡导的主流生活方式与人们的实际生活方式之间的关系,本文回顾了我国居民最近几十年生活方式的变化,指出建立“资源节约型、环境友好型”生活方式的必要性,以及在向该目标生活方式转型过程中面临的机遇与挑战。本文认为,在构建目标生活方式过程中,需要强有力的政府引导、有效的市场调节,以及公民个人的观念转变三者密切配合,方能切实推动目标生活方式的实现。

Lifestyle refers to the sum of behaviors which consumers adopt,which matter to their quality of life under certain resource and environmental constraints,and which consumers aim to improve in reflection of certain technical conditions and value orientation. Lifestyle and quality of life are therefore interrelated,but there is no exact correspondence between them. People may face a variety of objective and subjective conditions when choosing their lifestyle. By analyzing the relationship between quality of life and lifestyle,the factors that determine people' s lifestyles,the impact of different material endowments and technological levels in different countries on lifestyles,as well as the relationship between the mainstream lifestyles advocated by national and international communities and the real lifestyles of the people,the paper reviews the changes in the lifestyles of the people in China in recent decades,and emphasizes the necessity of establishing a " resource-saving and environment- friendly" lifestyle,while taking note of the opportunities and challenges faced in the process. The paper argues that,in the process of building a target lifestyle,strong government guidance,effective market adjustments,and value changes on the part of individual citizens must work in close concert,before real progress can be made.