冠状动脉介入治疗中药物洗脱支架的应用进展及研究

Progress and research on application of drug-eluting stents in coronary interventional therapy

冠状动脉介入作为冠心病尤其是急性冠脉综合征的重要治疗方式,其中冠状动脉支架植入术已取代单纯球囊扩张术成为首选介入治疗方式。因此,支架内再狭窄与血栓形成的预防倍受关注,进而促生了药物洗脱支架。目前诸多前瞻性临床研究证实药物洗脱支架在冠心病患者中应用安全性较高,但是作为长期置入靶血管的治疗方式,其有可能引发炎症反应,导致内皮细胞与血小板分泌与活动异常,进而促使血栓形成。为此临床在不断研发具有较高生物兼容性的涂层药物,以此降低药物洗脱支架在血管内持久存在的潜在风险。本文通过对药物洗脱支架的应用效果以及新型涂层药物等相关进展进行综述,旨在为临床利用更加安全有效的药物洗脱支架加强冠状动脉介入治疗效果提供依据。

As a new channel of coronary intervention,drug-eluting stent has the historical significance of opening up a new era.Coronary intervention is an important way to save patients with cardiovascular diseases.The application of drug-eluting stents can effectively improve the therapeutic effect of this procedure,which plays an important role in improving prognosis and preventing complications.At present,many prospective clinical studies have confirmed that drug-eluting stents are safe to be used in patients with coronary heart disease,but as a long-term treatment for target vessels,they may cause inflammatory reactions,resulting in abnormal secretion and activity of endothelial cells and platelets,thus promoting thrombosis.For this reason,clinical research and development of coating drugs with high biological compatibility are continuing to reduce the potential risk of drug-eluting stents persisting in blood vessels.This article reviews the application effect of drug-eluting stents and the related progress of new coated drugs,aiming to provide evidence for clinical use of safer and more effective drug-eluting stents to enhance the effect of coronary intervention.