全球价值链视角下中国加工贸易转型升级路径分析

Analysis on the Transformation and Upgrading Path of China’s Processing Trade from the Perspective of Global Value Chain

面临外部复杂的国际环境和国内经济下行压力,中国需要进行加工贸易转型升级已成为共识,而如何转型升级从而向全球价值链中高附加值环节迈进则意见不一。本研究基于全球价值链理论,在全球价值链视角下分析我国加工贸易转型升级的内涵,并从要素资源的流动性、企业参与国际竞争的方式、进口中间品的重要性和东道国供应链的建设四个方面考察全球价值链对加工贸易转型升级的作用机制。结合中国加工贸易转型升级的机遇与挑战,有针对性地提出GVC视角下中国对外贸易转型升级路径:国家层面上,政府需进行多样化政策创新;产业层面上,完善国内价值链并对接全球价值链;企业层面上,向高端制造业转型并积极构建以自身为主导的全球价值链。

Facing the external complex international environment and the domestic economic downward pressure, China has reached consensus that China needs to carry on the processing trade transformation and upgrading,but o-pinions vary on how to transform and upgrade so as to move towards to the high value-added link of the global value chain. Based on the theory of global value chain,this study analyzes the connotation of China’s processing trade transformation and upgrading from the perspective of global value chain,and investigates the effect of global value chain on the transformation and upgrading of processing trade from four aspects of the liquidity of factor resources,the way enterprises participate in international competition,the importance of imported intermediate goods and the con-struction of supply chain in host country. Then combined with the opportunities and challenges of China’s processing trade transformation and upgrading facing,this study puts forward the path of China’s foreign trade transformation and upgrading from the perspective of GVC: First,the government needs to carry out diversification policy innovation at the national level;Second,improve the domestic value chain and link with the global value chain at the industrial level;Third,enterprises should transform to high-end manufacturing industry and actively construct global value chain dominated that is self-led at the enterprise level.