积极的财政教育政策应着力提升公众教育满意度——基于广东省的抽样调查

Active Fiscal Education Policy Should Focus on Improving Public Education Satisfaction——Based on Sample Surveys in Guangdong Province

教育支出是我国财政最大项支出,也是当前实施积极财政政策的重要发力点。一项针对广东省的抽样调查结果表明:教育是备受公众关注的议题,公众对教育的满意度居十项民生领域之首,但均值不高(65.20);近三成家庭教育支出超过家庭总支出的20%;约40%受访者表示"孩子上学成为家庭较重的经济负担"。对于问题归因,受选率居前两项的是"财政投入不足"(33.84%)和"政府作为不到位"(29.01%)。同时,交互分析显示:低收入、非本省户籍的公众教育满意度明显偏低,但区域经济发展程度对满意度影响不大。由此,提升公众教育满意度及教育经费绩效,一是要回归教育公平本位;二是优化经费结构,进一步加大中央及省级财政投入,扩大普惠教育的广度和深度;三是以教育精准扶贫为抓手,重点扶助以低收入、流动性为特征的弱势人群。

Education expenditure is the largest expenditure of China’s finances,and it is also an important force point for the implementation of active fiscal policy. A sample survey of Guangdong Province showed that the public satisfaction of education was not high,and nearly 30% of household education expenditures exceeded 20% of total expenditure. About 40% of family said that"children’s schooling has become a heavier economic burden for families."For the attribution of problems,the top two options were"insufficient financial input"and"the government is not in place". At the same time,the interactive analysis shows that the public education satisfaction of low-income and non-provincial household registration is significantly lower. Therefore,to improve the public education satisfaction and the performance of education funds,first,we must return to the education equity standard;second,optimize the funding structure;third,focus on education and poverty alleviation,and focus on helping vulnerable people characterized by low income and liquidity.