纳斯鲍姆正义的能力理论及其对我国精准扶贫的启示

Nussbaum’s Capabilities Approach and Its Enlightenment to China’s Targeted Poverty Alleviation

玛莎·纳斯鲍姆正义的能力理论继承和发展了阿玛蒂亚·森关于可行能力的论述,这一理论始于"人们在现实中能做什么,又能成为什么"和现实中得到什么样的机会的问题。作为人们生活品质的重要评价方法,该理论摒弃了传统评价方法的弊端,旨在消除那些根深蒂固的社会不公正和不平等,以使人们能够过上一种有尊严的生活。让贫困民众过上有尊严的生活是我国精准扶贫的价值归宿,纳斯鲍姆正义的能力理论可为我国推动精准扶贫向全面、纵深发展提供了重要启示。

Martha Nussbaum’s capabilities approach inherit and develop the theory of capacity,which was came up with by Amartya Sen.Capabilities approach begin with the problem that "what can individuals do in reality,what can we become" and what kinds of opportunities do we have in reality.As an important evaluation method of people’ s quality of life, capabilities approach reject the disadvantages of traditional evaluation methods.It aims to eliminate entrenched social inequalities so as to enable humans to live a dignified life, which is the value goal of the accurate poverty alleviation.Nussbaum’s capabilities approach is very helpful to us,because it can enlighten us how to develop roundly and deeply about our poverty alleviation work.