现代汉语中“说”表“批评”义的来源

The Source of the Criticism of Shuo in Contemporary Chinese

现代汉语中"说"在具体的语言环境中表"批评"义,这一语言现象在北方方言区普遍存在,但其来源至今仍没有得到解释。在方言研究中,现实语料与历史文献检索方法的综合运用相辅相成,通过对共时方言分布和历时语义演变两个方面进行研究,进而得出现代汉语中"说"表"批评"义来源于明代"数说"一词合音之后的意义转移。

In modern Chinese,"Shuo"( 说 shuō in Pinyin) expresses the meaning of"criticism"in the specific language environment. This linguistic phenomenon is common in the northern dialect area,but its origin has not yet been explained. In dialect research,the comprehensive application of real corpus and historical literature retrieval method complements each other. Through the study of the distribution of synchronic dialects and the evolution of diachronic semantics,it is concluded that the meaning transfer of the word"Shuo"in modern Chinese is derived from the phonic combination of the word"Shu shuo"in the Ming Dynasty.