超高层建筑疏散楼梯对疏散效率的影响

Effect of evacuation stairs on evacuation efficiency in super high-rise buildings

选取某超高层写字楼,在各楼层疏散宽度满足按照百人宽度指标要求前提下,采用Pathfinder进行数值模拟分析,通过改变疏散楼梯数量和单部楼梯疏散宽度等参数,研究不同疏散场景下的人员整体疏散时间、疏散至避难层的时间以及不同区域(高区、中区和低区)疏散完毕的时间,分析疏散楼梯数量和单部楼梯疏散宽度对人员疏散时间的影响。引入单部疏散楼梯效率指数,结合单部疏散楼梯净宽度等因素对疏散总时间的影响,得出较优设计方案,为类似建筑疏散设计提供参考。

Taking a super high-rise office building as example, under the condition of evacuation width of each floor meets the requirement of 100-person width index, Pathfinder was used for the simulation. By changing the number of evacuation staircases and the evacuation width of single staircase,etc., the overall evacuation time, the time from evacuation to shelter level and the time of completion of evacuation in different areas(high,middle and low areas) were studied in different evacuation scenarios. The influence of the number of evacuation stairs and the evacuation width of a single staircase on evacuation time was analyzed. Introducing the efficiency index of single evacuation stair, combining with the influence of the net width of a single evacuation staircase on the total evacuation time, the better design scheme was obtained to provide reference for evacuation design of similar buildings.