2015-2017年泰州市沙门菌污染及其感染检出状况分析

Analysis of Salmonella contamination in food and its detection in cases of infectious diarrhea in Taizhou City from 2015 to 2017

目的了解泰州市食品及腹泻病例中沙门菌检出分布情况。方法采集市售食品样品339份、肉制品生产过程样品201份及病例粪便标本1 606份,按照食品安全国家标准方法对沙门菌进行鉴定及血清学分型。结果 2015-2017年泰州市9类食品中沙门菌检出率为4. 4%(15/339),其中生禽肉、生畜肉和生食动物性水产品检出率分别为27. 5%、7. 5%、2. 5%;肉制品生产过程中沙门菌检出率为6. 5%(13/201),原辅料和中间产品检出率分别为35. 7%和28. 6%;3所医疗机构腹泻病例沙门菌年平均检出率为4. 9%(79/1 606),5岁以下人群检出率(7. 3%)高于其他年龄组(χ^2=20. 63,P <0. 01)。腹泻病例可疑暴露食品居前3位的分别为禽、畜肉(28. 6%)、乳制品及饮料(25. 0%)和水果类(25. 0%)。市售食品和患者中共鉴定出21种沙门菌血清型。结论泰州市市售食品中沙门菌存在较高的污染率,腹泻病例沙门菌具有较高的检出率,应加强食品的监测、监管和宣传教育。

Objective To study the distribution of Salmonella in food and diarrhea cases in Taizhou City. Methods 339 samples of commercially available food,201 samples of meat production process and 1 606 stool samples of diarrhea cases were collected. Salmonella was identified and serologically classified according to national food safety standards. Results The detection rate of Salmonella in 9 types of foods form 2015 to 2017 was 4. 4%( 15/339),and the detection rates of raw poultry,raw meat and raw aquatic products were 27. 5%,7. 5% and 2. 5%,respectively. Among the samples collected during the meat production process,the total detection rate of Salmonella was 6. 5%( 13/201),and the detection rates of raw materials and intermediate products were 35. 7% and 28. 6%,respectively. From2015 to 2017,the average detection rate of Salmonella in stool samples collected from 3 medical institutions was 4. 9%( 79/1 606). The detection rate of children under 5 years old( 7. 3%) was higher than other age groups(χ^2= 20. 63,P < 0. 01). Among the suspected food items for diarrhea,the top three were poultry and livestock( 28. 6%),dairy products( 25. 0%) and fruits( 25. 0%). A total of 21 Salmonella serotypes were identified from commercially available food and patient samples. Conclusions There is a high pollution rate of Salmonella in commercial food and a high detection rate in diarrhea cases in Taizhou City. Food monitoring,supervision and publicity education should be strengthened.