富锂锰基正极材料研究进展

Research Progresses on Li- and Mn-Rich Cathodes

目前富锂锰基正极材料以其高比容量(>250mAh/g)、高工作电压、低成本、环境友好等优点受到了学术界的极大关注,是极具潜力的下一代锂离子电池正极材料。然而,循环过程中富锂锰基正极材料存在首次库仑效率低、倍率性能差、容量与电压衰减严重等缺点,使其实际应用受到了极大限制。经过几年来的深入研究,人们对富锂锰基正极材料的理论认识逐步加深,发展了针对富锂锰基正极材料各种缺点的改性方法,取得了一系列重要进展。本文总结了近几年来学术界在富锂锰基正极材料方面的重要研究进展,包括放电比容量、首次库仑效率、循环性能、倍率性能、电压稳定性,总结了针对富锂锰基正极材料的各种实验表征手段。此外,还介绍了富锂锰基正极材料在理论研究方面的重要方法以及在全电池方面的应用。最后,基于目前的实验进展和理论认知,对富锂锰基正极材料今后的发展进行了展望。

Li-rich layered oxide cathodes have attracted great attention, and are among the most promising cathodes in the next generation lithium ion batteries because of their high specific capacity(>250 mAh/g), high operation voltage, low cost and environment-friendly. However, they suffer from severe disadvantages during cycling, such as low initial Coulombic efficiency, poor rate capability, rapid capacity fading and voltage decay, prohibiting their practical application. After exploiting and lucubrating on Li-rich layered oxide cathodes for years, our theoretical understanding have been deepened greatly, a variety of modifying methods have been developed to conquer the above-mentioned shortcomings and great improvements have been achieved. In this article, we summarize the most important processes in academia on Li-rich layered oxide cathodes in recent years including discharge capacity, initial Coulombic efficiency, cycling performance, rate capability and voltage stability. In addition, various characterization techniques for Li-rich layered oxide cathodes are also included. Furthermore, we also introduce some important theoretical methods on Li-rich layered oxide cathodes especially a few representative accomplishments. Meanwhile, the applications of Li-rich layered oxide cathodes in full cells are also briefly introduced. At last, a perspective for the further development on Li-rich layered oxide cathodes is also given on the base of the current theoretical and experimental understanding.