ICP-MS法测定胖大海中5种重金属元素

Determination of 5 heavy metal elements in Scaphium scaphigerum by ICP-MS

目的以铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、砷(As)、汞(Hg)、铜(Cu)5种重金属元素的含量综合评价胖大海的安全性。方法从云南产地和安徽亳州、四川成都、广西玉林、河北安国、浙江磐安和广东普宁6个中药材市场收集56份胖大海样品,建立测定这5种重金属含量的ICP-MS法。运用t检验、ANOVA单因素方差分析法、主成分分析法比较云南产地和6个中药材市场之间胖大海在重金属方面安全性的差异。结果56份胖大海中5种重金属元素的含量均符合《药用植物及制剂进出口绿色行业标准》的规定,说明胖大海在重金属方面的安全性高。云南产地与商品流通市场之间Pb、Cu含量差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);四川成都中药材市场与河北安国、浙江磐安中药材市场之间Cd含量差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);云南产地分别与安徽亳州、广西玉林、四川成都、河北安国4个中药材市场之间Cu含量差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。根据主成分分析的综合得分为安全性指标,云南产地与商品流通市场之间重金属的安全性差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);云南产地与安徽亳州、广西玉林、四川成都、河北安国4个中药材市场的重金属方面的安全性差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论建立的ICP-MS方法准确、可靠、重现性好。云南产地与中药材市场的胖大海在Pb、Cu、Cd这3种重金属元素含量方面存在明显差异;两者在重金属元素方面的安全性也有所差异。

Objective To evaluate the safety of Scaphium scaphigerum(SS)based on the content of 5 heavy metals,namely lead(Pb),cadmium(Cd),arsenic(As),mercury(Hg)and copper(Cu).Methods Totally 56 SS samples were collected from Yunnan,Anhui Bozhou,Sichuan Chengdu,Guangxi Yulin,Hebei Anguo,Zhejiang Panan,and Guangdong Puning.The ICP-MS was used to determine the 5 heavy metals.The difference of SS in the safety of heavy metals was analyzed and compared by t test,ANOVA single factor analysis of variance,and principal component analysis.Results The content of 5 heavy metal elements in the 56 SS samples was in accordance with the regulations of Green Industry Standard for Import and Export of Medicinal Plants And Preparations,indicating the high safety of heavy metals in the SS.The content of Pb and Cu between Yunnan cultivation and commodity circulation markets(6 Chinese medicinal materials markets)have significant difference(P<0.05).There was significant difference(P<0.05)in the content of Cd between Chinese medicinal material market in Sichuan Chengdu and 2 Chinese medicinal material markets in Hebei Anguo and Zhejiang Panan.There was extremely significant difference(P<0.01)in the content of Cu between Yunnan cultivation and 4 Chinese medicinal material markets in Anhui Bozhou,Hebei Anguo,Sichuan Chengdu,and Guangxi Yulin.The comprehensive score of principal component served as the safety index,significant difference was found in the safety of heavy metals between Yunnan cultivation and commodity circulation markets(P<0.01).There was significant difference in the safety of heavy metals between Yunnan cultivation and 4 Chinese medicinal materials markets in Anhui Bozhou,Hebei Anguo,Sichuan Chengdu,and Guangxi Yulin(P<0.05).Conclusion The ICP-MS method for the determination of 5 heavy metals is accurate,reliable and reproducible.There are obvious differences in the contents of 3 heavy metals(Pb,Cu and Cd)beween Yunnan cultivation and Chinese medicinal material markets.The safety is also different in heavy metals.