承接与条件的渐进连续及“一VP1”的多义性

Gradual continuity between sequentials and conditionals and the polysemy of “yi-VP1” in Chinese

时间与条件的交叠不仅表现在惯常与未来之事,还表现在时间承接与条件的功能连续。本文基于日语等非定式动词连接优先型语言中有关承接和条件的表达,论述了从承接到条件构成的一个语义渐进连续的概念空间,至少包括12个相关的功能节点。对连续的功能采用同一编码形式是语言象似性和经济性的体现。汉语"一VP1"的多义性在于其具有承接语义,且在承接-条件语义图上覆盖了一个连续的、不间断的空间。只是相较日语、土耳其语等语言中的语法附着词,汉语"一VP1"不具有语法的规定性和使用的强制性。

The overlap of temporals and conditionals is demonstrated not only by habitual clauses and future time clauses, but also by the continuity between the sequential and the conditional. Based on the expression of the conditional and the sequential in infinite verb-prominent languages such as Japanese, this paper found that a universal conceptual space of semantic gradual continuity could be formed between the sequential and the conditional, which consisted of at least 12 functional nodes. Adopting the same coding form for continuous function is the embodiment of the language iconicity and economy. Polysemy of "yi-VP1" in Chinese is demonstrated by its sequential semantics, and it covers a contiguous space in the semantic map of sequential-conditional. However, compared with the sequential-conditional clitics in Japanese, Turkish and other languages,"yi-VP1" in Chinese is grammar-free and non-obligatory.