对五四时期东欧民族文学与文化在中国译介流布的再认识

Reconsiderations on the translation and the spread of Eastern European literatures and cultures in China around the May 4 period

从20世纪初到五四时期,中外文化的交流、碰撞和融通异常活跃,以鲁迅为代表的中国文学界对域外“弱小民族文学”的关注尤为突出,东欧民族文学及文化的汉译流布成为有代表性的文化现象之一。其中折射的异域民族境遇和反抗精神、朴素的家国情怀、对自由平等和真善美的追求以及文学艺术创造实践等等,构成了与新文化运动和五四新文学紧密关联的独特外来因素,为中国社会和文化走向现代提供了外部经验和重要借鉴。在新时代创造性地继承、转化和发展这一传统精神内涵,对于推动中外文学和文化交流互鉴,构建人类命运共同体,有着深刻启迪和积极现实意义。

During the first decade of the 20th century, the cultural exchange, impacts and con flue nces between China and foreign countries were extremely brisk;Chinese literary circles represented by Lu Xun paid a special attention to the "literatures of small and weak nations" in the world. Thus the translation and the spread of Eastern European literatures and cultures became a representative cultural phenomenon. They reflected their living circumstances and the spirit of revolt, the true feelings of the nation and home, efforts to seek freedom, equality, truth, the good and the beautiful, practice in the literary and artistic creations and so on, all of which have constituted the original external factors strongly correlated to China's New Culture Movement and New Literature of May 4 and provided foreign experience and important reference for Chinese society and culture to move toward modernization. The spiritual connotations of this tradition should be carried on, transformed and developed creatively in the new era today, because of their profound inspirations and real significance for propelling Sino-foreign literary and cultural exchange and mutual learning and constructing the community of shared future for mankind.