我国果树产业新旧动能转换之我见Ⅲ:三位一体的中国式苹果宽行高干省力高效栽培法推动我国苹果产业转型升级,助力乡村振兴

Trinity Chinese-style apple cultivation method of wide-line, high-trunk,energy-saving and high-efficiency promotes the transformation and upgrading of China’s apple industry and promotes rural revitalization

果树产业的新旧动能转换就是提质增效和节本增效.针对我国苹果产业转型升级面临的降水在时间和空间上的不均衡性、果园基础地力差、机械化水平低及劳动力成本高、果园规模小及一家一户的分散性等4个关键共性问题,采用良种、良砧与良法集成配套的思路,创建了既适用于土壤瘠薄的“春旱秋涝”东部渤海湾产区和“干旱少雨”的西部黄土高原产区,也适用于适度规模的农场和一家一户分散经营的果农,同时也有助于果园生草化和机械化的苹果现代宽行高干栽培模式,并在我国苹果主产区大面积推广应用,取得了提质增效和节本增效的显著效果,这将推动我国苹果产业新旧动能转换,助力乡村振兴.

The transformation of new and old kinetic energy in fruit industry is to improve quality and efficiency.In view of the four key common problems faced by the transformation and upgrading of China’s apple industry:poor soil,uneven precipitation in time and space,low level of mechanization and high labor costs,small orchard scale and household-to-household decentralization,the idea of integrating good cultivars,good stocks and good methods was adopted.A modern wide-line and high-trunk apple cultivation model was established,which is suitable not only for the poor soil"spring drought and autumn waterlogging"in the eastern Bohai Bay and the"dry and rainless"in the western Loess Plateau,but also for moderate-scale farms and a family of decentralized farmers,as well as for grassland-growing and mechanized orchards.It has been widely applied in major apple producing areas in China,and has achieved remarkable results in improving quality,increasing efficiency and saving costs,promoting the transformation of new and old momentum of China’s apple industry and boosting rural revitalization.