环境健康风险评价中呼吸速率的研究进展

Research progress on inhalation rate in environmental health risk assessment

空气污染已成为影响居民健康的主要环境因素之一,呼吸速率是人体空气暴露和健康风险评价中的关键性暴露参数。该文首先回顾了呼吸速率的研究历程;其次,综述了国内外人群呼吸速率调查研究中普遍使用的5种方法(直接测量法、双标记水法、加速度计法、心率-呼吸速率回归法、人体能量代谢估算法)的研究现状及其优缺点;最后,根据研究实例中的结果,评价不同估算方法所得呼吸速率的差异性,并提出今后我国关于环境暴露和健康风险评价中呼吸速率研究方向的建议。

Air pollution has become one of the major environmental factors which affected public health. Inhalation rate is a key exposure factor in exposure and health risk assessment of air pollution. Firstly,the research process of inhalation rate was reviewed in the present paper and then the status,advantages and disadvantages of five methods(direct measurement method,doubly labeled water measurement method,accelerometers measurement method,heart rate-inhalation rate regression method,body energy metabolism method) about inhalation rate in the survey were introduced, finally,according to the results of research cases,the differences among the estimation results of inhalation rate based on five different methods were evaluated.The recommendations of inhalation rate in environmental exposure and health risk assessment in China was put forward.