新中国初期城市私房改造政策探析——以上海为中心

A Discussion on the Reform Policy of Urban Private Housing in the Early Period of New China:Centering on the Case of Shanghai

基于历史变迁视角而进行的研究认为,新中国成立初期的私房政策经历了从保护到改造的重大转变。这种认识未重视中国共产党的长期领导角色这种连续性。从利用私房本身到限制其经营,并最终改造其所有权,这是一种政策的形成而非转变,也较好地回答了"承认"与"保护"、"所有权"与"经营权"、"生产资料"与"生活资料"等问题。此外,私房改造还改变着房主的生活方式,区分了"合理利润"、"投机剥削"和两种"资料",一定程度上照顾了房主生活。这是私房改造虽有问题但仍能顺利完成的重要原因。

Researches based on the perspective of historical changes argue that the private housing policy in the early days of New China experienced a major shift from protection to renovation.This ignores the continuity of CCP’s longterm leading role.From using the private houses to restricting its use for business operations and changing its ownership in the end,it embodied the formulation of a new policy rather than a change in the policy.It well replied issues such as"recognition and protection","ownership and the right of management","production materials and living materials".In addition,the private housing reform changed the houseowners’ lifestyles.It differentiated "reasonable profits","speculation and exploitation",as well as two"materials",and in some sense took account of the houseowners’ life.This is why the private housing reform completed smoothly in spite of some problems.