以“污名”为视角探究中国形象的生成与传播机制——兼论“中国威胁论”与“中国梦”的话语博弈

The formation and communication mechanisms of China’s Image from the perspective of “stigma”——Also on the discourse game between “China threat theory” and “Chinese dream”

中国形象自古以来就以极为复杂且多变的话语示人,中国形象的生成与建构并不一帆风顺。国家形象表现出多面呈现的趋势。在中西方诸多领域,不同学者对于国家形象的概念各有侧重。“中国威胁”的“污名”从日本肇始,直至西方国家通过其媒介优势实现了“污名”权力话语的跨文化传播,而中国梦话语是规避其负面表征、争夺国际话语权的重要法宝。“中国威胁”的“污名”话语生产是基于历史观、政经界、新闻传播媒介、现代性想象的共同建构。在“中国威胁”话语遭遇中国梦后,呈现话语的挪用与重组、转型再建构的过程。以批判性视野审视“西方话语”、兼顾跨文化传播过程中的“三方话语”、建构“中国话语”的多维传播是实现“去污化”的可能路径。

The image of China has been expressed in extremely complex and changeable words since ancient times.The formation and construction of the image of China is not smooth.The national image shows a trend in many aspects.Different scholars from China and the West have different emphasis on the concept of national image in many fields.The"stigma"of"China threat"began in Japan and the Western countries realized the cross-cultural communication of"stigma"power discourse with their media advantages until now.The discourse of Chinese dream is an important weapon to avoid its negative representation and compete for international discourse power.The production of"stigma"discourse of"China threat"is based on the co-construction of historical outlook,political and economic circles,news media and modern imagination.After the discourse of"China threat"encounters the Chinese dream,it presents the process of appropriation,reorganization,transformation and reconstruction of discourse.It is possible to realize the destigmatization by examining"western discourse"from a critical perspective,taking into account the"tripartite discourse"in the process of cross-cultural communication and constructing the multi-dimensional communication of"Chinese discourse".