地表水与地下水相互作用带中氮素污染物的反应迁移机理及模型研究进展

Reactive Transport and Model of Nitrogen Pollutants in the Surface Water-Ground Water Interaction Zones: A Review

在地表水-地下水作用带内,水流途径、流速、滞留时间的差异及地表水-地下水的交换量从不同方面控制着氮素污染物的反应迁移过程,并影响污染物在地表水与地下水间的通量。因此,精细刻画地表水-地下水作用带内的水流模式是研究氮素污染物反应迁移及归宿的关键问题。受含水介质异质性、水流模式的复杂性及其与地球化学和生物地球化学过程的耦合作用影响,地表水-地下水作用带内氮素污染物的反应迁移和归宿极为复杂,研究十分困难。水流和污染物反应迁移耦合模型可将地下水流、污染物的物理迁移过程及其地球化学和生物化学过程有机整合在一起,能更好地揭示氮素污染物反应迁移的过程和机理,预测其发展趋势,可为研究地表水-地下水作用带内氮素污染物的反应迁移和归宿提供有力工具。

In the surface water-groundwater interaction zones,the reactive transport of nitrogen pollutants and the flux of the pollutants between the surface water and groundwater are controlled by the difference of water flow path,flow velocity,water retention time and the exchange flux of surface water-groundwater.Therefore,the detailed description of the flow pattern in the surface-groundwater interaction zones is a key issue in the study of pollutant reactive migration and transportation.Due to the heterogeneity of aquifer,the complexity of water flow patterns and the coupled effects of geochemical and biogeochemical processes,the reactive transport of nitrogen pollutants in the surface water-groundwater interaction zones is extremely complex and difficult to study.The models which couples the flow rate and biogeochemical reactions are applied to better reveal the migration and transportation of the nitrogen pollutants,as well as to predict the development.The coupled model provides a powerful method to for studying the reactive transport of nitrogen pollutants in the surface water-groundwater interaction zones.