不同畦长灌溉对小麦旗叶光合特性和产量的影响

Effects of Different Border Length Irrigation on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Wheat Flag Leaves and Grain Yield

在高产麦田,以济麦22为试材,设置10m(L10)、20m(L20)、30m(L30)、40m(L40)4个畦长处理,研究不同畦长灌溉对小麦开花后旗叶光合特性、籽粒灌浆速率及产量的影响。结果表明:①花后14~35d,L40处理旗叶净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率和水分利用效率均显著高于L30、L20和L10处理。②花后7d,L10处理籽粒灌浆速率显著高于其它处理;花后14d,各处理间无显著差异;花后21~35d,L40处理籽粒灌浆速率显著高于其它处理。③L40处理籽粒产量和水分利用效率均显著高于其它处理。本试验条件下,L40处理是兼顾高产和节水的最优处理。

Taking winter wheat cultivar Jimai 22 as experiment material, a field experiment was conducted to clarify the effects of different border length irrigation on photosynthetic characteristics of flag leaves, grain filling rate and grain yield of wheat. In the high-yield wheat fields of Shandong Province, four border length treatments were set as 10 m (L10), 20 m (L20), 30 m (L30) and 40 m (L40).The results showed that ①during 14~35 days after anthesis of wheat, the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and water use efficiency of wheat flag leaves under L40 treatment were significantly higher than those that under L30, L20 and L10 treatments.②The grain filling rate of L10 treatment was significantly higher than that of other treatments at 7 days after anthesis. There were no significant differences in the grain filling rate between the treatments at 14 days after anthesis. During 21 to 35 days after anthesis of wheat, the grain filling rate of L40 treatment was significantly higher than that under other treatments.③The grain yield and water use efficiency of L40 treatment were significantly higher than those of other treatments. Under this test conditions, L40 was the best treatment with both high yield and water saving.