二语阅读理解中的多维度词汇:现状与发展

Multiple Dimensions of Vocabulary Knowledge in Second Language Reading Comprehension: A Review

词汇知识是一个多维构念,包含词汇宽度、词汇深度和词汇流利度3个维度。本文基于词汇知识3维度框架从理论和实证两个视角对二语阅读理解中的多维度词汇知识进行梳理和评析,揭示该领域的研究现状,并对其发展趋势进行预测。理论上,工具主义假说、提取假说和词汇质量假说分别阐析词汇宽度、词汇流利度和词汇深度在阅读理解中的作用。实证研究为这3个假说提供不同程度的支持:词汇宽度的作用得到清晰验证,词汇深度和词汇流利度的影响,尤其是二者的构念和测量,还需要进一步探究。

As a multidimensional construct,vocabulary knowledge consists of three dimensions of vocabulary breadth,vocabulary depth and vocabulary fluency. The relationship between vocabulary knowledge and reading comprehension has been examined from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. Theoretically,three hypotheses,namely the Instrumentalist Hypothesis,the Access Hypothesis, and the Lexical Quality Hypothesis,have been proposed to predict the relationship between vocabulary knowledge and reading comprehension,respectively focusing on the effects of vocabulary breadth,vocabulary fluency and vocabulary depth on reading comprehension. Empirically,the hypotheses have been verified to varying degrees with the direct effect of vocabulary breadth fully supported whereas that of vocabulary depth and vocabulary fluency partially corroborated.