中小学翻转课堂实证研究述评——基于英文学术期刊论文的综合分析

A Review on Empirical Studies for Flipped Classrooms in K-12 Education:An Integrated Analysis Based on English Journal Publications of K-12 Flipped Classrooms

越来越多的教师在他们的教学活动中使用翻转课堂方法。这种教学方式将课堂外以视频为基础的学习和课堂内小组互动学习活动结合起来。本文旨在对中小学教育背景下翻转课堂实证研究的英语期刊论文文献进行综合分析,主要任务是揭示和解决翻转课堂模式面临的潜在挑战。19篇关于中小学翻转课堂的期刊论文对翻转学习活动、学生成绩、学生态度和面临的挑战等问题进行了实证研究和分析。文献研究的结果表明,除课前观看教学视频和课内进行小组活动外,还存在大量其他形式的课前和课内学习活动;与传统课堂教学模式相比,中小学翻转课堂方法对学生成绩至少没有负面影响;学生对翻转课堂的态度比较复杂,支持和反对的声音都存在。对翻转课堂实施中存在的挑战分为三个方面:学生面临的挑战、教师面临的挑战和操作中的挑战。根据既有的研究和本文收集到的实证研究所提供的证据提出了应对这些挑战的10种策略和多项未来研究建议。

An increasing number of teachers are using flipped classroom approach in their teaching.This new instructional approach combines video - based learning outside the classroom and interactive group learning activities inside the classroom. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of flipped classroom empirical studies in K - 12 education, all of which were written in English language. Particularly, the main task of this paper is to reveal and address the potential challenges of flipped classroom approach in K - 12 educational context. Nineteen journal publications of K - 12 flipped classrooms were analyzed in terms of their flipped learning activities, student achievement, student attitude, and challenges encountered. The results of the research suggested that a variety of pre - class and in - class activities were provided in addition to pre - class instructional videos view and in - class small - group activities respectively. The use of flipped classroom approach in K - 12 education yielded a neutral or positive impact on student achievement when compared to traditional classroom. Mixed results of student attitude toward flipped classroom approach were discovered. Challenges of implementing flipped classrooms were identified and categorized into student - related challenges, teacher challenges, and operational challenges. Based on the suggestions of previous studies together with relevant empirical supports, a set of 10 guidelines to address these challenges are proposed. Finally, several recommendations of future research are provided.