围产前期添加山楂和黄芪混合物对奶牛血浆代谢组的影响

Effect of Adding Hawthorn and Astragalus Mixtures on the Plasma Metabolome of Perinatal Dairy Cows

旨为研究日粮中添加山楂、黄芪对产前奶牛血浆代谢物的影响。选取年龄、胎次和体况相近围产期健康高产荷斯坦奶牛20头。随机分为2组,对照组A组(n=10):饲喂基础日粮;试验组B组(n=10):饲喂基础日粮添加复方中草药山楂和黄芪(各150g)。进入围产圈开始饲喂,连续饲喂14d,晨饲前尾静脉采血10mL,采用高效液相色谱-质谱(HPLC-MS)技术,结合主成分分析(PCA)和正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析(OPLS-DA)对两组血浆代谢轮廓进行模式识别;以VIP>1、P<0.05和FC>1.3或FC<0.77作为标准筛选两组血浆差异代谢物;ROC曲线进一步确定这些差异代谢物对两组血浆分类的识别能力。结果显示:添加山楂和黄芪对D-谷氨酰胺和D-谷氨酸代谢、亚油酸代谢、牛磺酸和亚牛磺酸代谢、丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢、缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸的生物合成有显著的影响,经ROC曲线发现9个显著性上调差异代谢物:肌酐、5,2'-O-甲基胞苷、肉豆蔻酸、亮氨酸、烟酸、3-羟基苯甲酸、次黄嘌呤、γ-谷氨酰缬氨酸和马尿酸。综上表明:产前饲料添加山楂、黄芪影响奶牛的氨基酸代谢,脂肪代谢和糖代谢。

This work aims to study the effects of adding hawthorn and astragalus on the plasma metabolites of prenatal dairy cows. Twenty healthy and high-yielding dairy cows with similar age,parity and body condition were selected,and then randomly divided into 2 groups, i.e.,control group A(n=10):fed basal diet;test group B(n=10):supplemented with compound Chinese herbal hawthorn and astragalus (150 g per cow). Feeding for consecutive 14 days while the perinatal circle started,collecting 10 ml blood from the front tail vein before morning feeding,high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS)combined with principal component analysis (PCA)and orthogonal partial least squares-Discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA)were used for pattern recognition of plasma metabolic profiles in both groups. Plasma differential metabolites between 2 groups were screened based on the VIP>1,P<0.05,and FC>1.3 or FC<0.77. The ROC curve was employed to further determine the recognition ability of these differential metabolites to plasma classification in 2 groups. The results showed that there was significant difference in the metabolism profile of D-glutamine and D-glutamic acid,linoleic acid,taurine and hypotaurine,alanine,aspartic acid and glutamic acid,ammonia,leucine and isoleucine between the test group and the control group. Nine significant up-regulated differential metabolites were identified by ROC curve: creatinine,5,2'-O-methylcytidine,myristoleic acid,L-leucine, nicotinate,3-hydroxybenzoic acid,hypoxanthine,γ-glutamyl proline and hippuric acid. In summary,the addition of hawthorn and astragalus to prenatal feed affects the amino acid metabolism,fat metabolism and glucose metabolism of dairy cows.