美国CIP体育学科专业设置分析与启示

Analysis and Enlightenment of Specialty Setting of CIP Sports Discipline in America

运用文献资料调研、比较分析等方法对美国CIP体育学科专业设置理念、设置标准、框架结构、内容体系和特点等进行分析。研究发现,美国CIP体育学科专业设置秉持生成性理念,学科专业数量逐渐增多,以运动康复类专业为主,坚持职业导向性。鉴于美国CIP体育学科专业设置的有益经验,结合我国体育学科专业设置现状,得到如下启示:增强学科专业设置的开放性,转变体育学科专业设置理念;扩大高校自主权,为新兴体育学科专业设置预留空间;提高学科专业设置的合理性,整合不同层次体育学科专业目录;适应社会发展需要,适度扩大运动康复类专业种类和数量,明确指明体育学科专业的职业去向。

Using the methods of literature review and comparative analysis,the paper analyzes the idea,criterion,framework,content system and characteristics of the specialty setting of CIP sports discipline in America.The results show that with the generative idea the number of its disciplines and specialties is gradually increasing.The major specialty is sports rehabilitation,which adheres to career orientation.Based on the useful experience of the specialty setting of CIP sports discipline in America and the current situation of China’s sports disciplines,the following enlightenment is obtained: enhancing the openness and changing the idea of specialty setting;expanding the autonomy of colleges and universities and reserving space for the emerging sports disciplines;improving the rationality of specialty setting and integrating the specialty catalogs of different levels of sports disciplines;expanding appropriately the types and numbers of sports rehabilitation specialty and indicating clearly the career orientation of sports disciplines to meet the needs of social development.