儿童格林巴利综合征的研究现状

Current Status of Research on Guillain-Barré Syndrome in Children

儿童格林巴利综合征(GBS)是以进行性对称性四肢瘫痪、反射消失或减退为特点的急性多发性神经根神经病。该病病因不明,可能与空肠弯曲菌等肠道、呼吸道病原相关。分子模拟是GBS的主要发病机制,即由于神经类似结构的病原入侵机体,产生抗神经节苷脂的抗体,从而导致交叉反应。GBS诊断主要依据临床特点、脑脊液和神经电生理特征。GBS的治疗,应尽早使用血浆置换和(或)静脉用免疫球蛋白,可以缩短病程,减少并发症,降低死亡率和致残率。部分难治性GBS可试用新型补体抑制剂及促红细胞生成素,但其疗效尚待临床试验证实。文章就儿童GBS的研究现状作一综述。

Childhood guillain-Barré syndrome(GBS) is an acute polyneuropathy characterized by progressive symmetrical paralysis of the extremities and diminished or absent reflexes.The etiology of GBS may be associated with respiratory tract or intestine pathogens.Molecular mimicry is mainly responsible for the pathogenesis of GBS via pathogenic antigens-induced generation of cross-reactive antibodies against target gangliosides.The diagnosis of GBS is mainly based on clinical features,cerebrospinal fluid findings and electrophysiological characteristics.The plasma exchange and/or intravenous immunoglobulin should be used as soon as possible to shorten the duration of disease and to reduce the complications,mortality and disability.New complement inhibitors and erythropoietin can be tried to treated the refractory GBS.However,the curative effects need to be confirmed in clinical trials.This article reviews the research status of childhood GBS.