圭嘎拉高海拔隧道施工人员体力劳动强度评价

Evaluation on Labor Intensity of Workers in Guigala High-altitude Tunnel

为探究圭嘎拉高海拔隧道施工人员体力劳动强度水平,评价施工工序劳动强度,选择圭嘎拉隧道进口段(海拔4 300 m)及1~#斜井段(海拔4 560 m)的施工人员作为测试对象,分别测量不同工序下施工人员的生理指标(心率、血氧饱和度、耗氧量)。基于耗氧量计算能量代谢率,进而计算各工序的劳动强度指数。结果表明:1)260 m的海拔高差造成的施工综合劳动强度指数差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);2)二次衬砌钢筋绑扎是所测施工工序中劳动强度最大的工序,该工序下施工人员的心率、血氧饱和度和平均能量代谢率都出现超过卫生限值的情况,劳动强度指数达到35(极重);3)海拔为4 300~4 560 m时,隧道各施工工序劳动强度大部分为中度-极重度。

The evaluation on labor intensity of workers in Guigala High-altitude Tunnel is of great significance. Hence, the workers in the entrance section(4 300 m above sea level) and inclined shaft No.1 section(4 560 m above sea level) of Guigala Tunnel are selected as test objects, and the physiological function indices of the workers in different working procedures, such as heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, oxygen consumption, etc., are measured. And then the energy metabolism rate is calculated based on oxygen consumption, and the labor intensity index of each procedure is further calculated. The test results show that:(1) The difference of comprehensive labor intensity indices caused by altitude difference of 260 m has statistical significance(P<0.05).(2) The labor intensity at the construction procedure of steel bar binding of secondary lining is the highest, the physiological function indices of the workers exceed limits, and the labor intensity index reaches 35(extremely heavy).(3) In the range of 4 300-4 560 m above sea level, the labor intensity of each construction procedure of Guigala Tunnel is mostly between moderate and extremely heavy.