财政分权对地方政府科技投入效率影响的实证研究

An Empirical Study on the Impact of Fiscal Decentralization on the Efficiency of Local Government Investment in Science and Technology

科技创新已成为全世界范围内国家间、地区间的核心竞争要素,科技创新活动离不开政府的扶持,在中国式财政分权体制下,研究财政分权对地方政府科技投入效率的影响显得更为迫切和重要。在结合国内外财政分权与地方政府科技投入效率研究的基础上,运用DEA方法对全国30个省份2012~2016年的地方政府科技投入效率进行测算,然后运用Tobit回归分析财政分权对地方政府科技投入效率的影响。研究结果显示:我国各地方政府科技投入效率差异显著;财政收入分权对地方政府科技投入效率影响不显著,财政支出分权对地方政府科技投入效率影响显著且具有正向促进作用。

science and technology innovation is the first driving force leading development, science and technology innovation has become the core competition factor among countries and regions all over the world. Science and technology innovation activities can not be separated from the government's support, especially under the Chinese-style fiscal decentralization system characterized by economic decentralization and political centralization, it is more urgent and important to study the impact of fiscal decentralization on the efficiency of local government's scientific and technological investment. Based on the study of fiscal decentralization at home and abroad and the efficiency of local government investment in science and technology, the DEA method was used to calculate the efficiency of local government investment in science and technology in 30 provinces from 2012 to 2016. Then using Tobit regression to analyze the impact of fiscal decentralization on the efficiency of local government investment in science and technology. The results show that there are significant differences in the efficiency of scientific and technological investment among local governments in China. The decentralization of fiscal revenue has no significant impact on the efficiency of local government's scientific and technological input, and the decentralization of fiscal expenditure has a positive effect on the efficiency of local government's scientific and technological input.