全球治理能力建设的中国实践

China’s Practice of Capability Building on Global Governance

随着全球化进程的不断深化和逆全球化的泛起,全球治理赤字也日趋严重,加强国家全球治理能力建设的任务更加紧迫。国家的全球治理能力主要表现为国家为有效解决全球性问题而主动提供全球公共产品的素质和技能,包括硬能力、软能力和巧能力三个方面。新中国成立以来,中国参与全球治理经历了一个复杂曲折的过程,中国的参与和融入不仅促进了全球问题的有效解决,推动了全球治理体系变革,提升了全球公信力和影响力,也展现出负责任大国的责任与担当。但是,参与全球治理的硬能力相对欠缺、软硬能力发展不平衡、在全球治理中的主导和引领能力不足等问题,已经成为中国全球治理能力建设的明显制约。进入新时期,中国在全球治理中的作用和贡献不断扩大,也越来越重视树立负责任大国形象,特别是人类命运共同体理念的提出,使全球治理能力建设成为国际问题研究的热点和国家战略聚焦的重点。基于现阶段中国全球治理能力建设的不足,必须加快推动国家治理能力和治理体系现代化,优化全球治理战略设计,增强全球公共产品的有效供给能力,倡导互利共赢、险责共担的新型合作理念,构建和完善全球治理人才培养体系。

With the deepening of globalization and the emergence of anti-globalization, the deficit of global governance is becoming more and more serious, and it is urgent to strengthen countries. capability building on global governance. These capabilities are mainly manifested in their ability to offer public goods with the purpose of solving global issues, including hard ability, soft ability and smart ability. Since the foundation of the People's Republic of China, its participation in global governance has been gone through a complicated and winding course. China's integration of global governance has not only facilitated effective resolution of global issues, propelled the transformation of global governance system, and enhanced global credibility and influence, but also has showed responsibility as a great power. However, the relative lack of hard ability to participate in global governance, the imbalance of hard ability and soft ability and an absence of leadership and guidance in global governance are significant constraints. Entering the new era, the role of China in global governance is expanding and China is putting more emphasis on establishing the image as a responsible great power. Moreover, the proposal of the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind makes the capability building on global governance become the hotspot of international studies and the focus of national strategy. Based on the deficiencies of China's capability building on global governance, it is necessary to accelerate the modernization of national governance capacity and governance system, optimize the design of global governance strategy, enhance the effective supply of global public goods, advocate the idea of mutual benefit and risk sharing, and improve the training system for global governance talents.