山药腐烂微生物的分离、鉴定及抑制研究

Isolation, Identification and Inhibition of Microorganisms Causing Yam Rotten

为研究山药储藏过程中腐烂问题,以4个山药品种为试材,分离出采后山药腐烂病原微生物,通过形态学、18SrRNA序列测序和构建系统进化树的方法对分离菌株进行生物学鉴定。结果表明,引起山药腐烂的微生物与青霉菌家族Penicilliumsclerotigenum亲缘关系最近,确定该菌株为Penicilliumsclerotigenum。利用不同pH值(3、5、7、9、11)和不同生防剂(EM原液、多粘芽孢杆菌、哈茨木霉菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、细黄链霉菌)对山药青霉菌生长特性进行研究,结果表明,青霉菌生长最适pH5~7,培养42h最适pH5;枯草芽孢杆菌和细黄链霉菌对山药腐烂微生物青霉菌有较好的抑菌效果。

The paper aims to study the rot of yam during storage. The pathogenic microorganisms causing rot of four yam cultivars after harvest were isolated in this research. The isolated strains were identified by morphological, 18S rRNA sequencing and phylogenetic tree. The results showed that the microorganisms causing rot of yam had high homogeneity with Penicillium sclerotigenum strain, which were determined to be P. sclerotigenum. The growth characteristics of P. sclerotigenum were studied by different pH (3, 5, 7, 9, 11) and different biocontrol agents (EM, Bacillus polysaccharide, Trichoderma harzianum, Bacillus subtilis and Streptomyces microflavus). The results showed that the optimum pH value of P. sclerotigenum was 5-7, and the optimum pH value after cultured 42 h was 5. The Bacillus polysaccharide and S. microflavus had better inhibitory efficacy on P. sclerotigenum.