先进设计技术在农业装备研究中的应用分析

Development of Advanced Design Technology and Its Application in Agricultural Equipment

现代装备企业及其产品的竞争力在很大程度上取决于能否以最快的速度向市场提供满足需求的产品,即是否有先进的设计方法支持科学、高效的研发过程。针对中国农业装备研发整体水平低,以及由于种类繁多和地域差异显著所导致的专业知识、结构形式、实践经验等庞杂,个体设计人员难以全面掌握,无法保证研发质量,严重制约产业发展及自主创新能力的问题,阐述并全面梳理了设计方法的发展历程,从而探讨适合农业装备的先进设计方法与发展方向,以支撑《中国制造2025》等国家重大发展规划对农业装备设定的战略目标的实现。研究表明,结合当前科技水平与社会背景,充分利用3D-CAD虚拟现实的优势与计算机技术的发展成果,基于数字技术的智能化设计是必然趋势,代表了先进设计的发展方向与最高水平。智能化设计以知识重用为特征,以数字模型资源化为基础,以产品数据管理(PDM)平台和产品生命周期管理(PLM)平台为载体,以广义的计算机辅助设计概念组织并贯通与设计相关的上下游方案论证、数字样机(DMU)、工程分析(CAE)、工艺流程(CAPP)等研发环节,实现各类计算机辅助技术CAX的高度集成,是人工智能(AI)在设计领域的实践运用。明确了当前先进设计的发展思路,为装备智能化设计系统的建立提供了基础理论与体系架构,对充分整合行业资源、共享成果与专业知识、提高研发效率和水平、提升中国农业装备企业及其产品的核心竞争力具有理论价值与实践指导意义。

The competitiveness of modern equipment enterprises and their products largely depends on whether they can provide products to meet the market demand at the fastest speed,that is,whether they have advanced design methods to support the efficient research and development process.Aiming at the problem in low integral level of agricultural machinery research and development in China,as well as various types and significant regional differences result in a variety of professional knowledge,structural forms,practical experience and so on,making it difficult for individual designers to fully grasp,unable to guarantee the quality of research and development,and severely restricting the industrial development and independent innovation ability,thus the development process of design methods was comprehensively reviewed,the characteristics of times at each stage and the generation rules of advanced design methods were analyzed,the advanced design methods and development direction suitable for agricultural equipment was discussed,and the realization of the strategic goals set for agricultural equipment in major national development plans such as“Made in China 2025”was supported.The research showed that the trend of intelligent design based on digital technology was obvious,which represented the development direction and the highest level of advanced design by combining the current technological level and social background,making full use of the advantages of 3D-CAD virtual reality and the development results of computer technology.Intelligent design was characterized by knowledge reuse,based on digital model resource,carried by product data management(PDM)and product lifecycle management(PLM)platform,and organized and connected upstream and downstream design-related research links such as scheme reasoning,digital mockup(DMU),computer aided engineering(CAE),computer aided process planning(CAPP)by the generalized computer aided design concept.In this way,intelligent design can implement the high integration of CAX,which was the practical application of artificial intelligence(AI)in the field of design.The development ideas of current advanced design were clarified,basic theory and system architecture for the establishment of equipment intelligent design system were provided,and it had significant theoretical value and practical guiding significance for fully integrating industry resources,highly sharing achievements and professional knowledge,greatly improving research and development efficiency and level,and significantly enhancing the core competitiveness of Chinese equipment enterprises and their products.