汽车用低气味、低VOC聚丙烯复合材料的制备及性能

Preparation and Properties of Low Odor and Low VOC Polypropylene Composites for Automotive

采用熔融共混的方法制备低气味、低挥发性有机化合物(VOC)聚丙烯(PP)复合材料,研究不同种类吸附剂及用量对PP复合材料的力学性能、气味等级以及VOC含量的影响。结果表明:各吸附剂均能明显改善PP复合材料的气味等级和VOC含量,其中吸附剂JH-200A和PHVOCC01对PP复合材料的力学性能影响较小,当两种吸附剂用量为PP复合材料质量的3%时,PP复合材料的气味等级达到了8级和8.2级,悬臂梁缺口冲击强度分别为23.3 kJ/m^2和26.4 kJ/m^2,比不加气味吸附剂时分别只降低了21.8%和11.4%。研究表明,JH-200A和PHVOCC01具有协同作用,当mJH-200A∶mPHVOCC01=1∶2时,PP复合材料的气味等级达到8.8级;当mJH-200A∶mPHVOCC01=1∶1时,PP复合材料的甲苯含量只有15.4μg/m^3,均优于两者单独使用。红外光谱分析表明,JH-200A和PHVOCC01带有不同的吸附官能团,因此起到了协同作用;扫描电子显微镜分析表明,两种吸附剂均具有大量的空穴结构,且与PP复合材料具有良好的相容性,制备的PP复合材料在力学性能、气味等级和VOC方面均能满足汽车内饰用要求。

Polypropylene(PP)composite was prepared by melt blending,the effects of different adsorbents and dosages on its mechanical properties,odor grade and VOC content of PP composites were stidued.The results show that each adsorbent can significantly improve the odor level and VOC content of PP composites.JH-200A and PHVOCC01 have little effect on the mechanical properties of PP composites.When the amount of the two adsorbents is 3%of the mass of PP composite material,the odor grade of PP composite material reach grade 8 and grade 8.2,and the cantilever beam notch impact strength is 23.3 kJ/m^2 and 26.4 kJ/m^2,respectively,which is only 21.8%and 11.4%lower than that without odor adsorbent.The results show that JH-200A and PHVOCC01 have synergistic effects.When mJH-200A∶mPHVOCC01=1∶2,the odor level of PP composites reaches 8.8.When mJH-200A∶mPHVOCC01=1∶1,the toluene content of PP composites is only 15.4μg/m^3,both better than the two alone.Infrared spectrum analysis shows that JH-200A and PHVOCC01 have different adsorption functional groups,so they play a synergistic role.Scanning electron microscope analysis shows that both adsorbents have a large number of hole structures and have good compatibility with PP composites,meeting the requirements of automobile interior decoration in mechanical properties,odor grade and VOC.