政府对跨国公司创新溢出效应的影响机制研究——以在沪跨国公司研发中心为例

Research on the Influence Mechanism of Government on the Spillover Effect of Multinational Corporations’ Innovation——Take the R&D centers of multinational companies in Shanghai as an example

跨国公司集聚是上海作为高度全球化城市的鲜明特征,其在本地开展活动对区域创新体系具有显著的溢出效应。本研究把政府作为内生因素,研究政府对跨国公司创新活动溢出效应的影响。首先,通过梳理跨国公司研发中心在华的发展阶段,总结跨国公司创新的阶段特征,在此基础上分析跨国公司对创新环境的需求,以及政策对创新环境的影响。其次,提出跨国公司与本土主体开展创新互动的三种传导机制,分别分析政府行为对不同创新路径的正负面影响。最后,从理论回到现实,提出上海科创中心建设中政府行为存在的问题和对跨国公司创新溢出效应的影响,并提出放大在沪跨国公司研发中心溢出效应的政策建议。

The agglomeration of multinational corporations is a distinctive feature of Shanghai as a highly globalized city,its local innovation activities have a significant spillover effect on the regional innovation system. This paper uses the government as an endogenous factor to study the impact of government on the spillover effects of innovation activities of multinational corporations. Firstly, by combing the development stage of multinational R&D centers in China, it summarizes the characteristics of multinational companies' innovation stage. On this basis, the needs of multinational companies for the innovation environment and the impact of policies on the innovation environment are analyzed. Secondly, it proposes three transmission mechanisms for innovative interaction between multinational corporations and local entities, and analyzes the positive and negative effects of government behavior on different innovation paths. Finally, from theory to reality, analyze the problems of government behavior in the construction of Shanghai Science and Technology Center and the impact on the spillover effects of multinational corporations' innovation, and propose policy recommendations to amplify the spillover effects of R&D centers in Shanghai.