不同种薯质量对山药生长、产量及经济效益的影响

Effects of Different Seed Tuber Weight on Growth,Yield and Economic Benefits of Yam

为了探究‘大和长芋’山药在潍坊地区适宜的用种量,本试验研究了不同质量(50,100,150,200g)的山药种薯对‘大和长芋’山药生长和产量影响,并根据实际的市场行情推算经济效益。结果表明,随着种薯质量的增加,山药茎粗显著增大(P<0.05),植株长势增强,产量增加,其中种薯质量为150g和200g的处理较对照(100g)分别显著增产11.4%和14.5%(P<0.05),产量分别达到72239.6kg·hm-2和74270.8kg·hm^-2,二者差异不显著(P>0.05);经济效益呈先增加后减少的趋势,当种薯质量为150g时纯收益最高,为21.03万元·hm^-2,比对照增效10.8%,当种薯质量为200g时,纯收益(20.50万元·hm^-2)比对照增效8.0%。综合考虑产量和经济效益,‘大和长芋’山药适宜选择质量为150g的种薯播种。

In order to find out the suitable seed tuber weight of 'Dahechangyu' yam in Weifang, the effects of different seed tuber weight (50, 100, 150, 200 g) on the growth and yield of 'Dahechangyu' yam were studied, and the economic benefits were estimated according to the actual market conditions. The results showed that with the increase of seed tuber weight, the stem diameter of yam increased significantly (P<0.05), the plant growth and yield increased, the economic benefit increased first and then decreased. When the seed tuber weight was 150 g and 200 g, the yield significantly increased by 11.4% and 14.5% compared with the control (100 g), which the yield reached 72 239.6 kg·hm^-2 and 74 270.8 kg·hm^-2, respectively. There was no significant difference between 150 g and 200 g treatments (P>0.05). When the seed tuber weight was 150 g, the net benefit was the highest (210.3 thousand yuan·hm^-2), which was 10.8% higher than the control. When the seed tuber weight was 200 g, the net benefit (205.0 thousand yuan·hm^-2) was 8.0% higher than the control. Based on the comprehensive yield and economic benefits, the suitable seed weight of 'Dahechangyu' yam was 150 g.