马铃薯茄镰孢菌干腐病生防菌株的筛选、鉴定及其防效

Screening, identification and biocontrol effect of microbial antagonist against Fusarium solani causing potato dry rot

以茄镰孢菌( Fusarium solani )为指示菌,利用平板对峙法从120株内生细菌中筛选出30株抑菌率高于70.00%的菌株,其中265ZY1、265ZY3和265XY6对茄镰孢菌具有较强的拮抗能力,其抑菌率分别为72.20%、73.00%和72.80%,按1 ∶1 ∶1复配的菌肥对马铃薯干腐病防效达79.75%,表明265ZY1、265ZY3和265XY6具有良好的抑菌防病作用,具有开发为马铃薯干腐病生防菌剂的潜力;经形态观察及16S rDNA基因序列分析,将265ZY1鉴定为死谷芽孢杆菌( Bacillus vallismortis ),265ZY3鉴定为解淀粉芽孢杆菌( Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ),265XY6鉴定为甲基营养型芽孢杆菌( Bacillus methylotrophicus )。

In this study, Fusarium solani was used as indicative fungi, 30 antagonistic bacteria whose inhibition rates were higher than 70.00% from 120 endophytic bacteria were selected with the method of plate confrontation. Among them, 265ZY1, 265ZY3 and 265XY6 had strong antagonistic effects on F. solani , the inhibition rates reached 72.20%, 73.00% and 72.80%, respectively. Combining them with the ratio of 1 ∶1 ∶1, the inhibition rate reached 79.75%. The results showed that 265ZY1, 265ZY3 and 265XY6 had excellent biological functions, which could be developed as biocontrol bacteria. With the observation of morphology and 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis, 265ZY1, 265ZY3 and 265XY6 were identified as Bacillus vallismortis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus methylotrophicus , respectively.